Addressees of Horace's Odes: Difference between revisions
no edit summary
(Replaced content with "{| style="float:right;border:3px solid #63a37e" | This entry is citable in its pdf form |- | [https://www.archiopedia.org/uploads/1/0/6/5/106523905/addressees_of_horaces_...") Tag: Replaced |
No edit summary |
||
Line 16:
Finally, the Latin wording of each address is given in parentheses next to the numerical designation of the odes.<ref>As always, the first number denotes the book, while the second one marks the ode.</ref> My purpo-se is to include only the information which is required to identify the addressee. Thus, writing down the collocation “''Aeli vetusto nobilis ab Lamo''” (3.17) is necessary to recognize Lucius Aelius Lamia, but the phrase “''Maecenas atavis edite regibus''” (1.1) does not play the same crucial role in establishing the identity of Gaius Cilnius Maecenas.
== Specified addressees ==
=== Persons ===
==== Poet’s self ====
• 1.19, 1.34, 2.5,<ref>“The anonymous addressee of 2.5 is most certainly the poet himself” (Mario Citroni, “Occasion and Le-vels of Address in Horatian Lyric”, in Michele Lowrie (ed.), Horace: Odes and Epodes, Oxford U-niversity Press, Oxford, 2009, p. 73n6).</ref> 3.9, 3.30.
==== Others ====
===== Non-human =====
====== Mythological ======
• Apollo: 1.12 (“Phoebe”), 1.21 (“intonsum [...] Cynthium”), 1.31 (“Latoe”), 4.6 (“Dive”).
• Bacchus: 1.12, 2.19 (“Liber”), 3.25 (“Bacche”, “Lenaee”).
• Calliope: 3.4 (“Calliope”).
• Clio: 1.12 (“Clio”).
• Diana: 1.12 (“saevis inimica virgo be-luis”), 1.21 (“Dianam”), 3.22 (“montium custos nemorumque”).
• Faunus: 3.18 (“Faune”).
• Fortuna: 1.35 (“diva, gratum quae re-gis Antium”).
• Jupiter: 1.12 (“orte Saturno”).
• Latona: 1.21 (“Latonamque”).
• Melpomene: 1.24, 3.30, 4.3 (“Mel-pomene”).
• Mercury: 1.2 (“filius Maiae”), 1.10, 3.11 (“Mercuri”).
• Muse: 1.26 (“quae fontibus integris gaudes”, “Piplei dulcis”).<ref>Pipla is “a bizarre spelling of ‘Pimplea’” (David R. Slavitt, Horace: Odes, University of Wisconsin Press, Madison and London, 2014, p. 40). Pimplea or Pimpleia (Πίμπλεια in Greek) was a place sacred to the Muses in Pieria, Greece.</ref>
• Venus: 1.30, 4.1 (“Venus”), 3.26 (“quae beatam diva tenes Cyprum et Memphin carentem Sithonia nive, re-gina”).
====== Conceptual ======
• Roma: 4.4 (“Roma”).
===== Human =====
====== Individuals ======
======= Eponymous =======
======== Kinfolks ========
• Gaius Cilnius Maecenas: 1.1, 1.20, 2.12, 2.17, 2.20, 3.8, 3.16, 3.29 (“Maecenas”).
• Gaius Marcius Censorinus: 4.8 (“Censorine”).
• Lucius Aelius Lamia: 3.17 (“Aeli vetusto nobilis ab Lamo”).
• Lucius Manlius Torquatus (filius): 4.7 (“Torquate”).
• Lucius Sestius Nepos: 1.4 (“Sesti”).
• Marcus Aristius Fuscus: 1.22 (“Fu-sce”).
• Plotius Numida: 1.36 (“Numidae”).
• Pompeius Grosphus: 2.16 (“Gros-phe”).
• Pompeius Varro: 2.7 (“Pompei”).
• Publius Alfenus Varus: 1.18 (“Va-re”).
• Publius Vergilius Maro: 1.24, 4.12 (“Vergili”).<ref>Concerning the Ode 4.12, let it be noted that “it is a matter of dispute whether this Vergil is the famous poet or another, unknown individual” (Jeffrey H. Kaimowitz (trans.), The Odes of Horace, Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore, 2008, p. 165n3).</ref>
• Quinctius Hirpinus: 2.11 (“Hirpine Quincti”).<ref>Paul Shorey and Gordon J. Laing, Horace: Odes and Epodes, Benj. H. Sanborn & Co, Chicago, 1919, read “Quinti”. I follow the corrections of Stanley Lombardo (trans.) and Anthony Corbeill (introd. and notes), Horace: Odes with Carmen Saeculare, Hackett Publishing, Indianapolis and Cambridge, 2018, p. xviii.</ref>
• Septimius: 2.6 (“Septimi”).
======== Public figures ========
========= Philosophers =========
• Archytas: 1.28 (“Archyta”).
• Gaius Sallustius Crispus: 2.2 (“Cris-pe Sallusti”).
• Iccius: 1.29 (“Icci”).
========= Poets =========
• Albius Tibullus: 1.33 (“Albi”).
• Gaius Antonius Iullus: 4.2 (“Iulle”).
========= Statesmen =========
• Augustus: 1.2, 4.15 (“Caesar”), 4.5 (“Divis orte bonis, optume Romulae custos gentis”, “duxe bone”),<ref>The word “Caesar” exists in this ode, but Augustus is addressed here only through the use of honorific vocatives.</ref> 4.14 (“Auguste”).
• Gaius Asinius Pollio: 2.1 (“Pollio”).
• Gaius Valgius Rufus: 2.9 (“Valgi”).
• Lucius Licinius Murena: 2.10 (“Lic-ini”).
• Lucius Munatius Plancus: 1.7 (“Plance”).
• Marcus Lollius: 4.9 (“Lolli”).
• Marcus Vipsanius Agrippa: 1.6 (“Agrippa”).
• Quintus Dellius: 2.3 (“Delli”).
======== Others<ref>This section mostly (but not always) lists the poet’s love interests: “Horace introduces so many different names [...], and refrains so consistently from decisively casting his erotic lot with any of these, that readers must either marvel at the variegation of his love life or recognize that Horatian lyric is not invested in the development of a coherent erotic ‘plot’” (Ellen Oliensis, Loving Writing / Ovid’s Amores, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 2019, p. 109).</ref> ========
• Asterie: 3.7 (“Asterie”).
• Barine: 2.8 (“Barine”).
• Chloe: 1.23 (“Chloe”).
• Chloris: 3.15 (“Chlori”).
• Galatea: 3.27 (“Galatea”).
• Leuconoe: 1.11 (“Leuconoe”).
• Ligurinus: 4.1, 4.10 (“Ligurine”).<ref>Shorey and Laing, op. cit., read “Ligurinum” in Ode 4.10. I follow the corrections of Lombardo and Corbeill, op. cit.</ref>
• Lyce: 3.10, 4.13 (“Lyce”).
• Lyde: 3.28 (“Lyde”).
• Lydia: 1.8, 1.13, 1.25, 3.9 (“Lydia”).
• Neobule’s self: 3.12 (“Neobule”).
• Phidyle: 3.23 (“Phidyle”).
• Phyllis: 4.11 (“Phylli”).
• Postumus: 2.14 (“Postume, Postume”).
• Pyrrha: 1.5 (“Pyrrha”).
• Pyrrhus: 3.20 (“Pyrrhe”).
• Thaliarchus: 1.9 (“Thaliarche”).
• Tyndaris: 1.17 (“Tyndari”).
• Xanthias the Phocean: 2.4 (“Xanthia Phoceu”).
======= Anonymous =======
• 1.16 (“matre pulcra filia pulchrior”).
• 2.18 (“tu”).<ref>This anonymous addressee is perhaps Maecenas, see R. G. M. Nisbet and M. Hubbard, A Commentary on Horace: Odes, Book II, Clarendon Press, Oxford, 1978, p. 289-290.</ref>
• 1.38, 3.14, 3.19 (“puer”).<ref>The ode contains a toast to Lucius Licinius Mur-ena and yet “in 3.19 none of the characters addressed can be identified with Murena” (Citroni, op. cit., p. 73n2).</ref>
• 3.24.<ref>The ode is addressed to a “diatribic ‘you’” (Citroni, op. cit., p. 74).</ref>
====== Multitudes ======
• 1.21 (“tenerae [...] virgines”, “pueri”, “mares”).
• 1.27, 1.37 (“sodales”).
• 2.19 (“posteri”).
• 3.1 (“virginibus puerisque”).
• 3.6 (“Romane”).<ref>Needless to say, “Romanus” is here a collective noun.</ref>
• 3.14 (“plebs”, “pueri et puellae”).
=== Things ===
• Bandusia’s fount: 3.13 (“fons Bandusiae”).
• Lyre: 1.32, 3.11 (“testudo”).
• Ship: 1.3, 1.14 (“navis”).
• Tree: 2.13 (“arbos”).
• Wine-jar: 3.21 (“testa”).
== Unspecified addressees ==
1.15, 2.15, 3.2, 3.3, 3.5
=='''Notes'''==
| |||